Internal Variables and Dynamic Degrees of Freedom
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Internal Degrees of Freedom of Molecules
For the internal dynamics of molecules it is of crucial importance that nuclei are much heavier than electrons. This leads to the adiabatic picture of the nuclei motion with respect to the motion of electrons. In the adiabatic picture, the coordinates of nuclei play the role of external parameters with respect to the state of the electronic sub-system, that is they play the same role as the adi...
متن کاملInvariant Measures of Nonholonomic Flows with Internal Degrees of Freedom
In this paper we study measure preserving flows associated with nonholonomic systems with internal degrees of freedom. Our approach reveals geometric reasons for existence of measures in the form of an integral invariant with smooth density that depends on the internal configuration of the system.
متن کاملCrossing the Phantom Divide: Dark Energy Internal Degrees of Freedom
Dark energy constraints have forced viable alternatives that differ substantially from a cosmological constant Λ to have an equation of state w that evolves across the phantom divide set by Λ. Naively, crossing this divide makes the dark energy gravitationally unstable, a problem that is typically finessed by unphysically ignoring the perturbations. While this procedure does not affect constrai...
متن کاملA General Discrete Velocity Model Including Internal Degrees of Freedom
This paper deals with the problem of describing spatially inhomogeneous gases by applying model Boltzmann equations. A plane discrete velocity model is presented, capable of describing a gas of particles with internal degrees of freedom. The number of particle speeds is variable. All possible collisions, both elastic and inelastic, are calculated. The corresponding equation system for 2L+1 spee...
متن کاملCounting statistics for mesoscopic conductors with internal degrees of freedom.
We consider the transport of electrons passing through a mesoscopic device possessing internal dynamical quantum degrees of freedom. The mutual interaction between the system and the conduction electrons contributes to the current fluctuations, which we describe in terms of full counting statistics. We identify conditions where this discriminates coherent from incoherent internal dynamics and a...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics
سال: 2008
ISSN: 0340-0204,1437-4358
DOI: 10.1515/jnetdy.2008.010